![]() Primary and secondary prevention to reduce the high proportion of HIV/AIDS borne by incarcerated persons could help reduce its overall prevalence in the US.Īre CFs still important targets for public health interventions? If the criminal justice population represents a smaller share of the US HIV epidemic, intervening in the CFs may have a smaller impact on the US population as a whole and may be less cost effective than in 1997. Using the correctional setting as a venue for diagnosing HIV disease could benefit those passing through CFs as well as those living in the communities to which they return. Furthermore, they demonstrated the importance of improving the health of the community by treating jail and prison inmates, since virtually all of those incarcerated eventually return to the community. The findings communicated the challenges presented by the disproportionately high levels of infectious diseases in correctional settings. The results were widely disseminated as of September 2009, according to the paper has been cited 242 times. Multiplying prevalence by estimates of the size of the populations that moved through CFs yielded projections that, among all persons in the US with HIV/AIDS, between 20% and 26% had been incarcerated for at least part of that calendar year. ![]() That paper examined the percentage of individuals with a particular disease in the total US population who passed through a US CF in 1997. The fluid nature of incarcerated populations ensures that effective interventions will be felt not only in correctional facilities but also in communities to which releasees return.Īn earlier paper estimated the share of selected infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), borne by persons who spent at least part of the year in correctional facilities (CFs) in the United States (US) in 1997. Jails and prisons continue to be potent targets for public health interventions. Meanwhile, the number of persons with HIV/AIDS leaving correctional facilities remains virtually identical. Decreasing HIV seroprevalence among those admitted to jails and prisons, prolonged survival and aging of the US population with HIV/AIDS beyond the crime-prone years, and success with discharge planning programs targeting HIV-infected prisoners could explain the declining concentration of the epidemic among correctional populations. ![]() ![]() For black and Hispanic males, two demographic groups with heightened incarceration rates, recently released inmates comprise roughly one in five of those groups' total HIV-infected persons, a figure similar to the proportion borne by the correctional population as a whole in 1997. Nine years later, only one in seven (14%) of infected Americans was among the 9.1 million leaving, a 29.3% decline in the share. In 1997, approximately one in five of all HIV-infected Americans was among the 7.3 million who left a correctional facility that year. We created a new model of population flow in and out of correctional facilities to estimate the number of persons released in 19. We sought to determine if the share of HIV/AIDS borne by inmates and releasees in the US decreased between 19. While the number of inmates and releasees has risen, their HIV seroprevalence rates have fallen. ![]() The share of the HIV/AIDS epidemic borne by inmates of and persons released from jails and prisons in the United States (US) in 1997 was estimated in a previous paper. Because certain groups at high risk for HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) come together in correctional facilities, seroprevalence was high early in the epidemic. ![]()
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